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What the sources say

PronghornAntilocapra americana

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Pronghorn profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 52 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Lindstedt et al. 1991

Lindstedt et al. (1991). Running energetics in the pronghorn antelope. Nature.

The page sayscan average 65 km/h over 11 km
The source sayscan run 11 km in 10 min, an average speed of 65 km h-1
The page saysbacked by an extraordinary capacity to consume and process oxygen
The source saystheir performance is achieved by an extraordinary capacity to consume and process enough oxygen to support a predicted running speed greater than 20 ms-1
The page saysA pronghorn is a distance runner.
The source sayspronghorn antelope are distance runners rather than sprinters
The page saysIts alleged top speed is 100 km/h, second only to the cheetah among land vertebrates
The source sayshas an alleged top speed of 100 km h-1, second only to the cheetah (Acionyx jubatus) among land vertebrates
The page saysIt can also run 11 km in 10 minutes, an average speed of 65 km/h.
The source sayscan run 11 km in 10 min, an average speed of 65 km h-1
The page saysNot with special lung structures.
The source saysattained without unique respiratory-system structures
The page saysScientists measured the pronghorn's maximum oxygen uptake and concluded that it has an extraordinary capacity to consume and process oxygen
The source saysWe measured maximum oxygen uptake in pronghorn antelope ... We conclude that their performance is achieved by an extraordinary capacity to consume and process enough oxygen
The page saysA 1991 Nature study calls 100 km/h its alleged top speed, which would put it behind only the cheetah on land.
The source sayshas an alleged top speed of 100 km h-1, second only to the cheetah (Acionyx jubatus) among land vertebrates
The page saysDistance speed: can run 11 km at an average of 65 km/h
The source sayscan run 11 km in 10 min, an average speed of 65 km h-1
The page saysA cheetah is a sprinter.
The source saysUnlike cheetahs, however, pronghorn antelope are distance runners rather than sprinters
The page saysThe same study describes it as a distance runner able to cover 11 km in 10 minutes, or 65 km/h on average.
The source sayspronghorn antelope are distance runners rather than sprinters, and can run 11 km in 10 min, an average speed of 65 km h-1
The page saysA pronghorn can run 11 km in 10 minutes, an average speed of 65 km/h
The source sayscan run 11 km in 10 min, an average speed of 65 km h-1
The page sayson an extraordinary capacity to consume and process oxygen
The source saysan extraordinary capacity to consume and process enough oxygen
The page sayssuper-endurance
The source sayspronghorn antelope are distance runners rather than sprinters, and can run 11 km in 10 minNote: tags: super-endurance

Source
02

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Antilocapra americana (pronghorn). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysTreeless plains, basins and deserts of western North America, from southern Canada to northern Mexico
The source saysdistributed throughout the treeless plains, basins, and deserts of western North America, from the southern prairie provinces of Canada, southward into the western United States and to northern Mexico
The page saysForbs, grasses and shrubs, with sagebrush important in winter
The source saysPronghorns are herbivores, eating stems, leaves, grasses and shrubs. ... Particularly important in their is browse, especially sagebrush in winter.
The page sayswith joints that work like hinges and move only in the line of travel
The source saysPronghorns have modified their joints to act as hinges allowing only motion in the line of travel.
The page saysThe range runs across the treeless plains, basins and deserts of western North America, from southern Canada to northern Mexico.
The source saysdistributed throughout the treeless plains, basins, and deserts of western North America, from the southern prairie provinces of Canada, southward into the western United States and to northern Mexico
The page saysForbs, the non-woody flowering plants, are preferred in summer.
The source saysForbs with high water content are preferred in the summer diet
The page saysIn winter they lean on shrubs, especially sagebrush.
The source saysParticularly important in their is browse, especially sagebrush in winter.
The page saysA buck's horns reach full height at two to three years old, averaging 25 cm.
The source saysThe maximum horn height for males will occur within 2 to 3 years of age and will average 250 mm
The page saysThey can no longer jump because they have lost the suspension mechanism that deer have.
The source saysthey can no longer jump because they have lost the suspension mechanism that cervids have.
The page saysTheir limbs are built for running, not leaping.
The source saysAll these adaptations have made pronghorns excel in cursorial locomotion, but they can no longer jump
The page saysPronghorn eat a wide mix of plants.
The source saysfeeding on small amounts of a wide variety of plants
The page sayssuper-speed
The source saystraveling at speeds of 98 km/h when sprintingNote: tags: super-speed

Source
03

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Pronghorn. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance.

The page saysA 40 to 59 kg grassland runner
The source saysWeight: 87 to 129 pounds (40 to 59 kilograms)
The page saysAn adult is 1.3 to 1.4 m long and 80 to 90 cm tall at the shoulder.
The source saysLength: 4.2 to 4.6 feet (1.3 to 1.4 meters) Height: 31 to 35 inches (80 to 90 centimeters) tall, at the shoulder
The page saysIt weighs 40 to 59 kg, and males are about 10 percent larger than females.
The source saysWeight: 87 to 129 pounds (40 to 59 kilograms); males are about 10 percent larger than females
The page saysThey can go for weeks without a drink, getting moisture from their food.
The source saysthey can go for weeks without it, getting moisture from their food
The page saysPronghorn are not true antelope. They have their own family and no close relatives on any other continent.
The source sayspronghorn are not true antelope. In fact, they’re unique enough to warrant their own taxonomic family, Antilocapridae. Pronghorn are native to North America and have no close relatives on any other continent.
The page saysThey are also the only animals with forked horns that are shed every year.
The source saysPronghorn are the only animals in the world that have forked horns that shed each year!
The page saysTheir eyes are the largest of any North American hoofed mammal for their body size.
The source saysPronghorn have the largest eyes of any North American ungulate in relation to body size.
The page saysWhen a pronghorn spots a predator, it releases an alarm odour from rump glands while the white fur on its rump stands up.
The source saysIf a pronghorn sees a predator, it releases an alarm odor from these glands while the white fur on its rump stands up.
The page saysThe herd gets the message by sight and smell.
The source saysThis sends a message by both sight and smell to let other pronghorn know of the danger.
The page saysNewborn fawns can take their first steps 30 minutes after birth and can outrun a person at four days old.
The source saysnewborns can take their first wobbly steps just 30 minutes after birth. At four days old, they can outrun people
The page saysNot a true one, though it is often called pronghorn antelope or American antelope.
The source saysAlthough they’re often called antelope, pronghorn antelope, or American antelope, pronghorn are not true antelope.
The page saysTaxonomists give it a family of its own, Antilocapridae, and no close relative lives on another continent.
The source saysthey’re unique enough to warrant their own taxonomic family, Antilocapridae. Pronghorn are native to North America and have no close relatives on any other continent.

Source
04

AnAge: The Animal Ageing and Longevity Database, Human Ageing Genomic Resources

AnAge entry for Antilocapra americana. AnAge: The Animal Ageing and Longevity Database, Human Ageing Genomic Resources.

The page saysIn the wild they tend to live less than 10 years.
The source saysIn the wild, these animals tend to live less than 10 years
The page saysOne captive animal lived 17.
The source saysOne captive specimen lived 17 years
The page saysUsually under 10 years in the wild, though there are anecdotal reports of wild animals reaching 15.
The source saysIn the wild, these animals tend to live less than 10 years [ 0542 ], though there are anecdotal reports of wild animals living as much as 15 years.
The page saysAnAge gives the maximum longevity as 17 years, for an animal in captivity.
The source saysMaximum longevity 17 years (captivity)
The page saysweightKg: 46.1
The source saysAdult weight 46,100 gNote: 46.1 kg from 46,100 g; Medium, inside SDZ's 40 to 59 kg

Source
05

White, Barnowe-Meyer, Garrott & Byers

White, Barnowe-Meyer, Garrott & Byers. Yellowstone Pronghorn: Recovering from the Brink of Extirpation. National Park Service.

The page saysTheir hearts and lungs are large for their body size. Their legs are long and slender
The source saysPronghorn have long, slender legs and large hearts and lungs for their body size.
The page saysJohn Byers of the University of Idaho attributes this speed and endurance to ancient pronghorn living with faster predators such as the North American cheetah
The source saysDr. John Byers from the University of Idaho attributed this speed and endurance to “ghosts of predators past” which refers to a relic capability from natural selection on ancient pronghorn when they lived with faster predators such as the North American cheetah
The page saysThose predators vanished from North America more than 10,000 years ago, but the pronghorn kept the speed.
The source saysThese predators vanished from North America over 10,000 years ago, but pronghorn still retain their evolved speed
The page saysSettlement, unregulated killing and habitat loss cut their numbers by about 99% in the late 1800s.
The source sayssettlement, unregulated killing, and habitat loss decimated their numbers by about 99% during the latter half of the 19th century
The page sayshelped numbers climb past 1 million by the 1980s
The source saysgradual increase in numbers to more than 1 million pronghorn by the 1980s
The page saysHunting limits, habitat protection and relocations
The source saysgovernment agencies implemented hunting and livestock grazing restrictions, habitat protection measures
The page saysOne herd in western Wyoming migrates about 100 miles (161 km) south from Grand Teton National Park each autumn and returns along the same corridor in spring.
The source saysOne herd in western Wyoming migrates each autumn from Grand Teton National Park about 100 miles (161 kilometers) south to the upper Green River basin during the winter months. They return to the Park along the same corridor the following spring.
The page saysrelocations helped numbers climb
The source sayscaptured and relocated (translocation) more than 30,000 pronghorn from well-populated areas to restore or augment other populations

Source
06

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016

Antilocapra americana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T1677A115056938.

The page saysLeast Concern
The source saysIUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).
The page saysThe IUCN rates the species Least Concern.
The source saysIUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.