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What the sources say

MooseAlces alces

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Moose profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 39 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Alces alces (Eurasian elk). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysHalf-tonne boreal giant
The source saysLive weights of males range from 360 to 600 kgNote: half a tonne (500 kg) sits inside the adult male range
The page saysBoreal forests all around the Northern Hemisphere, in North America, Europe and Asia
The source saysAlces alces, commonly called moose in North America and Eurasian elk in Europe, have a circumpolar distribution in the boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere.
The page saysCall it a moose in North America and an elk in Europe: same animal, Alces alces
The source saysAlces alces, commonly called moose in North America and Eurasian elk in Europe
The page saysthe largest species in the deer family alive today
The source saysMoose are the largest species in the deer family
The page saysDon't mix it up with the North American elk, Cervus canadensis, a different species that just happens to share a name across the Atlantic
The source saysEurasian elk should not be confused with North American elk, Cervus canadensis, which are a different species.
The page saysAdult bulls weigh 360 to 600 kilograms and cows 270 to 400 kilograms
The source saysLive weights of males range from 360 to 600 kg with lengths from 2.4 to 3.1 m. Females range from 270 to 400 kg
The page saysBulls shed their antlers each winter and grow new ones in spring
The source saysAntlers are grown in the spring and shed in the winter each year.
The page saysthen shed the whole rack in winter
The source saysAntlers are grown in the spring and shed in the winter each year.
The page sayswolf predation on moose climbs in winters when the snow gets deep enough to slow a moose down too
The source saysPredation by wolves is higher in the winter when snow depths are high enough to impede the movement of moose.
The page saysThe whole structure is grown from scratch each year and shed again come winter
The source saysAntlers are grown in the spring and shed in the winter each year.
The page saysLeast Concern
The source saysIUCN lists moose as a species of “Least Concern” because a majority of populations are expanding and extremely abundant despite heavy hunting pressure in parts of their range.

Source
02

Alaska Department of Fish and Game

Moose Species Profile. Alaska Department of Fish and Game.

The page saysantlers that are the fastest-growing tissue of any mammal
The source saysAntlers are the fastest growing tissue in any mammal
The page saysthe Alaska-Yukon race is the biggest of all
The source saysThe Alaska-Yukon race (Alces alces gigas) is the largest of all of these creatures.
The page saysAntler is the fastest-growing tissue of any mammal
The source saysAntlers are the fastest growing tissue in any mammal
The page saysa big bull can grow an 80-pound rack in one summer, adding about a pound of bone and an inch a day
The source saysa big bull moose can grow an 80-pound rack in a summer, adding a pound of bone and an inch a day.
The page saysA pound of bone a day
The source saysadding a pound of bone and an inch a day
The page saysA big bull moose can add a pound of bone and an inch of antler a day through the summer
The source saysa big bull moose can grow an 80-pound rack in a summer, adding a pound of bone and an inch a day.
The page saysAntler is the fastest-growing tissue of any mammal. A big bull moose can grow an 80-pound rack in one summer, adding about a pound of bone and an inch a day
The source saysAntlers are the fastest growing tissue in any mammal, and a big bull moose can grow an 80-pound rack in a summer, adding a pound of bone and an inch a day.

Source
03

National Park Service, Grand Portage National Monument

Mooz (Moose). National Park Service, Grand Portage National Monument.

The page saysa top speed of up to 35 mph
The source saysThey run as fast as 35 miles per hour
The page saysA moose can run as fast as 35 miles an hour
The source saysThey run as fast as 35 miles per hour

Source
04

National Park Service

Species Spotlight - Moose. National Park Service.

The page saysbulls there can weigh near 1,500 pounds, about 680 kilograms
The source saysEspecially bulls, which can weigh near 1500 lbs in their Alaska range.Note: 1,500 lb is about 680 kg
The page saysHealthy adults don't have many predators
The source saysFull size, healthy adult moose don't have many predators.
The page saysa face full of antlers or hooves is usually enough to deter bears and wolves
The source saysA face-full of antlers or hooves is usually enough to deter predators like bears and wolves.

Source
05

National Park Service, Alaska Park Science

How Wildlife are Responding to a Warming Climate. National Park Service, Alaska Park Science.

The page saysstilt legs that sometimes give it an edge over wolves in deep snow
The source saysSometimes, long-legged prey like moose and caribou can move through deep snow easier than wolves.
The page saysLegs that can sometimes move through deep snow more easily than a wolf's
The source saysSometimes, long-legged prey like moose and caribou can move through deep snow easier than wolves.
The page saysLong legs sometimes let a moose move through deep snow more easily than a wolf can
The source saysSometimes, long-legged prey like moose and caribou can move through deep snow easier than wolves.
The page saysMoose and caribou can sometimes move through deep snow more easily than wolves can
The source saysSometimes, long-legged prey like moose and caribou can move through deep snow easier than wolves.
The page saysat some point, especially with ice on top of the snow, even a moose starts to struggle, and a struggling moose can be a boon for a hungry wolf pack
The source saysBut at some point, and especially with icing events, even they have a hard time moving in deep snow and have limited access to food resources ... A weakened and vulnerable prey can be a boon for wolves and other predators and scavengers.

Source
06

Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife

Moose. Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife.

The page saysWillow, aspen and birch browse, plus aquatic plants such as pondweed and water lilies
The source saysWillow, aspen, birch, maple, pin cherry, and mountain ash are important, high quality browse ... Aquatic plants, such as pondweed and water lily, have higher sodium content than woody vegetation
The page saysA bull's antler spread rarely tops 65 inches, and 55 inches already counts as a big rack
The source saysA bull's antler spread rarely exceeds 65 inches and a spread of 55 inches is considered large.
The page saysMoose feed on aquatic plants such as pondweed and water lilies, which have a higher sodium content than woody plants
The source saysAquatic plants, such as pondweed and water lily, have higher sodium content than woody vegetation and are an important part of a moose's diet.

Source
07

Teton Science Schools

Can Moose Really Dive? Teton Science Schools.

The page saysThe Only Deer Known to Dive
The source saysNo other member of the deer family has been observed showing this behavior.Note: 'only ... known to' restates 'no other member has been observed'
The page saysNo other member of the deer family is known to submerge its whole body to feed
The source sayswe do know moose readily and frequently submerge their bodies entirely underwater in search of food. No other member of the deer family has been observed showing this behavior.
The page saysThe famous claim that moose dive five to six meters traces back to one eyewitness account in a moose reference book, and its author doesn't say how he confirmed the depth
The source saysIn North American Moose (Randolph L. Peterson, University of Toronto, 1995), the author reports seeing moose dive over 18 feet to feed on aquatic vegetation – though he does not mention which method he used to confirm that the moose hit that depth.Note: 18 feet is about 5.5 m; the article itself frames the factoid as five to six meters from one eyewitness account
The page saysA separate moose reference book states that they can stay underwater for up to 50 seconds
The source saysthe authors state “Moose readily submerge underwater to feed on aquatics and can remain underwater for up to 50 seconds.
The page saysMoose readily submerge their whole bodies underwater to feed, the only member of the deer family known to do that
The source sayswe do know moose readily and frequently submerge their bodies entirely underwater in search of food. No other member of the deer family has been observed showing this behavior.
The page saysthe famous "five to six meters" figure traces back to one eyewitness account in a moose reference book, and its author doesn't say how he confirmed the depth
The source saysIn North American Moose (Randolph L. Peterson, University of Toronto, 1995), the author reports seeing moose dive over 18 feet to feed on aquatic vegetation – though he does not mention which method he used to confirm that the moose hit that depth.
The page saysA separate reference work states that a moose can stay underwater for up to 50 seconds
The source saysthe authors state “Moose readily submerge underwater to feed on aquatics and can remain underwater for up to 50 seconds.

Source
08

Fraser et al. 1980

Fraser et al. (1980). Aquatic feeding by moose Alces alces in a Canadian lake. Ecography.

The page saysOne study found them high in sodium and iron compared with the leafy browse moose eat
The source saysCompared to deciduous browse, the aquatic plants had high levels of sodium and iron

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.