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What the sources say

Leopard GeckoEublepharis macularius

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Leopard Gecko profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 41 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Papenfuss, Shafiei Bafti & Sharifi 2021

Papenfuss, Shafiei Bafti & Sharifi (2021). Eublepharis macularius. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T164745A1072324.

The page saysThe IUCN Red List rated the species Least Concern in 2021.
The source saysIUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).Note: Category read through GBIF's copy of the Red List (taxon 164745); the claim quotes the cached category text.

Source
02

McLean & Vickaryous 2011

McLean & Vickaryous (2011). A novel amniote model of epimorphic regeneration: the leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius. BMC Developmental Biology.

The page saysThat is autotomy. Most of the tail bones have fracture planes, unmineralized gaps that permit controlled breakage.
The source saysintravertebral fracture planes, unmineralized gaps that pass transversely through most of the caudal (tail) vertebrae to permit controlled breakage of the skeleton
The page saysThe gecko can grow the tail back in a minimum of 25 days at about 24°C
The source saysThe minimum timeframe to fully regenerate the tail (i.e., to achieve stage VII of a seven stage regeneration sequence) was 25 days at an ambient temperature of ~24°C
The page saysin the regrown tail the bony vertebrae are replaced by a hollow cartilaginous cone
The source saysthe original axial skeleton consists of a series of bony vertebrae and persistent notochord, while in the regenerate tail these structures are replaced by a hollow cartilaginous cone
The page saysGrab a leopard gecko firmly by the tail and the tail can come off.
The source saysautotomy was induced in all experimental individuals by firmly grasping the tail between the thumb and index finger and applying pressure

Source
03

Higham & Russell 2009

Higham & Russell (2009). Flip, flop and fly: modulated motor control and highly variable movement patterns of autotomized gecko tails. Biology Letters.

The page saysA desert gecko with movable eyelids, no sticky toe pads, and a dropped tail that keeps moving for up to 30 minutes.
The source saysthey exhibit extremely complex movement patterns for up to 30 min following autotomy
The page saysA detached tail that keeps moving, flips included, for up to 30 minutes
The source saysthey exhibit extremely complex movement patterns for up to 30 min following autotomy, including acrobatic flips up to 3 cm in height
The page saysResearchers recording the detached tails of leopard geckos found complex movement for up to 30 minutes, including acrobatic flips up to 3 cm high.
The source saysthey exhibit extremely complex movement patterns for up to 30 min following autotomy, including acrobatic flips up to 3 cm in height
The page saysThat is autotomy. Most of the tail bones have fracture planes, unmineralized gaps that permit controlled breakage.
The source saystail autotomy in lizards
The page saysA leopard gecko's dropped tail keeps moving for up to 30 minutes, acrobatic flips included
The source saysthey exhibit extremely complex movement patterns for up to 30 min following autotomy, including acrobatic flips up to 3 cm in height

Source
04

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Leopard Gecko. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance.

The page saysmovable eyelids
The source saysBecause of their moveable eyelids, leopard geckos (unlike some geckos) can close their eyes
The page saysno sticky toe pads
The source saysLeopard geckos cannot climb up smooth surfaces because they do not have toe pads like most geckos.
The page saysa regrown tail "may not look the same"
The source saysif part of the tail is lost, it can regenerate, but may not look the same
The page sayswith rocky ground and clay-gravel soil under a layer of sand
The source saysThe geckos' habitat is rocky, with clay-gravel soil below a layer of sand.
The page saysThey are mostly limited to burrows and shade by day, and are more active at dawn and dusk.
The source saysThey are mostly limited to burrows and shaded areas during the day, becoming more active at dawn and dusk
The page saysWinter temperatures can drop to 10°C, which drives them underground into semi-hibernation.
The source sayswinter temperatures can cool down to 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), driving the geckos underground into semi-hibernation
The page saysLeopard geckos cannot climb smooth surfaces.
The source saysLeopard geckos cannot climb up smooth surfaces because they do not have toe pads like most geckos.
The page saysUnlike most geckos, they have no toe pads, and the toes end in a small claw.
The source saysThe toes end in a small claw.
The page saysTheir eyelids move, unlike some geckos. They can close their eyes, and a long tongue can give them a quick lick.
The source saysBecause of their moveable eyelids, leopard geckos (unlike some geckos) can close their eyes—and their long tongue can give those eyes a quick lick as needed.
The page saysFemales are 18 to 20 cm long and males 20 to 28 cm.
The source saysfemales are 7.1 to 7.9 inches (18 to 20 centimeters) long; males are 7.9 to 11 inches (20 to 28 centimeters) long
The page saysThey weigh 50 to 80 grams, against 2 to 5 grams at hatching.
The source saysWeight: 1.8 to 2.8 ounces (50 to 80 grams)
The page saysThey weigh 50 to 80 grams, against 2 to 5 grams at hatching.
The source saysWeight at hatch: .07 to .17 ounces (2 to 5 grams)
The page saysThey have to be wary of foxes, snakes and other large reptiles, and use keen hearing and sight to avoid them.
The source saysLeopard geckos have to be wary of predators including foxes, snakes, and other large reptiles. They use their keen senses of hearing and sight to avoid threats; and their skin helps them camouflage themselves in their habitat.
The page saysThey are among the most commonly kept pet lizards today.
The source saysthese hardy little reptiles are one of the most commonly kept “pet” lizards today
The page saysFemales lay clutches of two eggs and bury them.
The source saysFemales produce one to five clutches of two eggs throughout the breeding season. Once the eggs have been laid, they are buried in soft or loose substrate.
The page saysAt 26°C the eggs produce mostly females, at 29 to 31°C about equal numbers of each, and at 32°C mostly males.
The source saysAt a temperature of 79 degrees Fahrenheit (26 degrees Celsius), mostly females will be produced; at a range of 85 to 87 degrees Fahrenheit (29 to 31 degrees Celsius) , an equal number of males and females will be produced; and at a temperature of 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius), mostly males will be produced.
The page saysThe eggs hatch in 45 to 53 days.
The source saysThe eggs hatch in 45 to 53 days.
The page saysYes. The first two weeks of incubation set it: a cool 26°C hatches mostly females, a warm 32°C mostly males, and 29 to 31°C an even split.
The source saysAt a temperature of 79 degrees Fahrenheit (26 degrees Celsius), mostly females will be produced; at a range of 85 to 87 degrees Fahrenheit (29 to 31 degrees Celsius) , an equal number of males and females will be produced; and at a temperature of 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius), mostly males will be produced.
The page saysNo. Most geckos have toe pads, but leopard geckos lack them, so they cannot climb up smooth surfaces.
The source saysLeopard geckos cannot climb up smooth surfaces because they do not have toe pads like most geckos.
The page saysThe temperature in the first two weeks of incubation decides the sex.
The source saysThe temperature of the incubation period in the first two weeks determines the sex of the offspring.
The page saysUnlike most geckos, they have no toe pads, and the toes end in a small claw.
The source saysLeopard geckos cannot climb up smooth surfaces because they do not have toe pads like most geckos.
The page saysYes. The first two weeks of incubation set it: a cool 26°C hatches mostly females, a warm 32°C mostly males, and 29 to 31°C an even split.
The source saysThe temperature of the incubation period in the first two weeks determines the sex of the offspring.
The page saysweightKg: 0.065
The source saysWeight: 1.8 to 2.8 ounces (50 to 80 grams)Note: task #1120: middle of the zoo's range

Source
05

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Eublepharis macularius (Common Leopard Gecko). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysDry and semi-dry desert and arid grasslands, from Afghanistan and Iran to Pakistan and northwest India
The source saysDry and semi-dry desert regions (Henkel 1995) and arid grasslands (Hunziker 1994).
The page saysDry and semi-dry desert and arid grasslands, from Afghanistan and Iran to Pakistan and northwest India
The source saysLeopard geckoes can be found throughout Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Northwest India (Henkel 1995) and Pakistan
The page saysKnown to eat scorpions, centipedes, spiders and beetles in the wild
The source saysare known to eat scorpions, centipedes, spiders, and beetles in the wild
The page saysThe habitat is dry and semi-dry desert and arid grassland
The source saysDry and semi-dry desert regions (Henkel 1995) and arid grasslands (Hunziker 1994).
The page saysIn the wild they are known to eat scorpions, centipedes, spiders and beetles.
The source saysare known to eat scorpions, centipedes, spiders, and beetles in the wild

Source
06

The Reptile Database

Eublepharis macularius (Blyth, 1854). The Reptile Database.

The page saysLeopard geckos live in eastern Afghanistan, Pakistan, northwest India, Nepal and eastern Iran.
The source saysE Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW India (Rajasthan, Ajmer, Madar foot hills, Punhab, Jammu), Nepal, E Iran (fide CARRIÓN et al. 2003).Note: #1229: ADW and SDZ list Iraq, but Iraqi records may belong to E. angramainyu; the Reptile Database's distribution leaves Iraq out

Source
07

AnAge: The Animal Ageing and Longevity Database

Eublepharis macularius (leopard gecko). AnAge: The Animal Ageing and Longevity Database.

The page saysIn captivity, a leopard gecko has lived 28.5 years, the record in the AnAge longevity database.
The source saysRecord longevity in captivity is 28.5 years
The page saysThe record lifespan in captivity is 28.5 years, according to the AnAge longevity database.
The source saysRecord longevity in captivity is 28.5 years

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.