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What the sources say

JaguarPanthera onca

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Jaguar profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 36 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Panthera onca (jaguar). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysthe largest cat in the Americas
The source saysJaguars are the largest cats in the Americas and the only representative of the genus Panthera.
The page saysSkull-piercing jaws
The source saysthey instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines
The page saysa powerhouse swimmer
The source saysJaguars are excellent swimmers
The page saysA skull-piercing bite that kills instantly
The source saysthey instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines
The page saysjaws that get through thick reptile skin and turtle shells
The source saysTheir powerful jaws and canines allow them to get through thick reptilian skin and turtle carapaces.
The page saysNear Threatened
The source saysJaguars are considered near threatened by the IUCN.
The page saysDense tropical rainforests, the Pantanal wetlands, and river basins of Central and South America
The source saysJaguars have a large distribution, they are found from southern Arizona and New Mexico south toward northern Argentina and northeastern Brazil ... concentrated in the Amazon Basin and includes portions of the Cerrado, Pantanal, and Chaco areasNote: forest and rivers: ADW 'prefer dense, tropical moist lowland forests' and 'generally found in habitats near water, such as rivers'
The page saysCaimans, capybaras, snakes, river turtles, tapirs, and peccaries
The source saysPreferred prey are large animals, such as peccaries, tapirs, and deer. They also prey on caimans, turtles, snakes, porcupines, capybaras, fish, large birds, and many other animals.Note: a representative list, as the diet field is everywhere on the site
The page saysIt either delivers a direct bite to the neck and then suffocates its prey, or it kills instantly by piercing the back of the skull with its canines
The source saysThey either deliver a direct bite to the neck and then suffocate their prey, or they instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines.
The page saysIts powerful jaws and canines also get through thick reptile skin and turtle shells
The source saysTheir powerful jaws and canines allow them to get through thick reptilian skin and turtle carapaces.
The page saysA jaguar's canines can pierce the back of its prey's skull, killing it instantly
The source saysthey instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines
The page saysIn the Pantanal, males average around 100 kilograms and females 76 kilograms
The source saysThe largest jaguars are found in the Brazilian Pantanal, where males average 100 kg and females 76 kg.
The page saysIn Honduras, where the smallest jaguars live, males average just 57 kilograms and females 42 kilograms
The source saysThe smallest jaguars are found in Honduras, where males average 57 kg and females 42 kg.
The page saysIn general, jaguars in dense forest are smaller than jaguars in more open habitat, possibly because large hoofed prey are more common in open country
The source saysIn general, jaguars found in dense forests are smaller than those found in more open habitats, possibly because densities of large ungulate prey are greater in open habitats.
The page saysJaguars have lean bodies and muscular limbs, built for power rather than speed, though they can run briefly
The source saysJaguars have lean bodies and muscular limbs. They are built for power, not speed, although they can run briefly.
The page saysThey are also excellent swimmers and are generally found near rivers, lagoons, or swamps
The source saysJaguars are excellent swimmers and are generally found in habitats near water, such as rivers, slow moving streams, lagoons, watercourses, and swamps.
The page saysOne was recorded dragging a 34-kilogram sea turtle 91.5 meters into forest cover
The source saysA jaguar was observed draging a 34 kg sea turtle 91.5 meters into the cover of a forest.
The page saysBlack, or melanistic, jaguars are the result of a single, dominant allele
The source saysBlack, or melanistic, jaguars are fairly common and are the result of a single, dominant allele.
The page saystheir spots are usually still dimly visible against the black background
The source saysThese jaguars have a base coat color of black with black spots that are usually dimly visible against the black background.
The page saysIt either delivers a direct bite to the neck and then suffocates its prey, or kills instantly by piercing the back of the skull with its canines
The source saysThey either deliver a direct bite to the neck and then suffocate their prey, or they instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines.
The page saysAnimal Diversity Web says its powerful jaws and canines get through thick reptile skin and turtle shells
The source saysTheir powerful jaws and canines allow them to get through thick reptilian skin and turtle carapaces.
The page saysIn jaguars the black form is the result of a single, dominant allele
The source saysBlack, or melanistic, jaguars are fairly common and are the result of a single, dominant allele.
The page saysits spots are usually still dimly visible against the black coat
The source saysThese jaguars have a base coat color of black with black spots that are usually dimly visible against the black background.
The page saysThe jaguar (Panthera onca) kills in one of two ways
The source saysThey either deliver a direct bite to the neck and then suffocate their prey, or they instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines.Note: two ways: the source's either/or
The page saysIn one of two ways
The source saysThey either deliver a direct bite to the neck and then suffocate their prey, or they instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their canines.Note: two ways: the source's either/or
The page saysa cat that can kill instantly by piercing the back of its prey's skull with its canines
The source saysthey instantly kill them by piercing the back of the skull with their caninesNote: vibe.reason (#858): replaces "swaggering Latin flow, and unstoppable apex dominance", which argued from geography and mood.

Source
02

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Jaguar. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance.

The page saysJaguars have been observed sitting quietly at the water's edge, occasionally tapping the surface with their tail to attract fish
The source saysJaguars have been observed sitting quietly at the water's edge, occasionally tapping the surface with their tail to attract fish.
The page sayslargest cats in the Americas and the third-largest cat species on Earth, smaller only than lions and tigers
The source saysJaguars are the largest cats in the Western Hemisphere and the third largest overall. Only lions and tigers are bigger.
The page saysSan Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance says a jaguar's large jaw muscles let it kill prey by piercing the skull with its sharp teeth
The source saysTheir large jaw muscles allow them to kill their prey by piercing the skull with their sharp teeth.

Source
03

Hoogesteijn & Mondolfi 1996

Hoogesteijn & Mondolfi (1996). Body mass and skull measurements in four jaguar populations and observations on their prey base. Bulletin of the Florida Museum of Natural History.

The page saysA survey of four populations found that jaguars from floodplain habitats, the Pantanal and the Llanos, were consistently larger across nearly every skull and body measurement than jaguars from forest habitats in the Amazon and Central America, and the gap held regardless of subspecies
The source saysBody mass and nine skull measurements of two floodplain (Pantanal and Llanos) and two forest (Amazon and Central America) jaguar (Panthera onca) populations, were analyzed ... Individuals from the floodplain populations were consistently larger in almost all parameters than the samples from the forest sites. The difference is independent of the subspecific status.
The page saysSkull size and body mass seem to track the biomass of prey each population takes more closely than latitude
The source saysJaguar skull size and body mass seem to be more related to biomass of prey taken than to latitudinal location.

Source
04

Eizirik et al. 2003

Eizirik et al. (2003). Molecular Genetics and Evolution of Melanism in the Cat Family. Current Biology.

The page saysA study of the MC1R gene found two different deletions implicated in melanism in jaguars and jaguarundis
The source saystwo different "in-frame" deletions in the MC1R gene are implicated in melanism in jaguars and jaguarundis.

Source
05

Mooring, Eppert & Botts 2020

Mooring, Eppert & Botts (2020). Natural Selection of Melanism in Costa Rican Jaguar and Oncilla: A Test of Gloger's Rule and the Temporal Segregation Hypothesis. Tropical Conservation Science.

The page saysA ten-year camera-trap study of dense tropical forest in Costa Rica found that a quarter of jaguar sightings there were melanistic, against a global average of about 10 percent across open and closed habitats combined
The source saysBased on 10 years of camera trap records of jaguar and oncilla from dense tropical forest in Costa Rica ... Twenty-five percent of jaguar records in dense forest were melanistic compared with the global average of 10% in both open and closed habitats
The page saysblack jaguars were active more often in daylight than their spotted relatives, which lean more nocturnal and crepuscular
The source saysmelanistic jaguars were more active during daylight hours compared with non-melanistic jaguars, which were more nocturnal and crepuscular.

Source
06

Arroyo-Arce & Salom-Pérez 2015

Arroyo-Arce & Salom-Pérez (2015). Impact of jaguar Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) predation on marine turtle populations in Tortuguero, Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. Revista de Biología Tropical.

The page saysAt Tortuguero beach in Costa Rica, jaguars hunt nesting marine turtles: a study found jaguar predation rose from one turtle in 1981 to 198 in 2013
The source saysThis study assessed jaguar predation impact on three species of marine turtles ... that nest in Tortuguero beach ... Our results indicated that jaguar predation has increased from one marine turtle in 1981 to 198 in 2013.
The page saysthe researchers concluded the jaguars are not a threat to the beach's green turtle population and are not the main cause of decline in its leatherbacks or hawksbills
The source sayswe concluded that jaguars do not represent a threat to the population of green turtles that nest in Tortuguero beach, and it is not the main cause for population decline for leatherbacks and hawksbills.

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.