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What the sources say

Humpback AnglerfishMelanocetus johnsonii

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Humpback Anglerfish profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 51 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Australian Museum

Humpback Blackdevil, Melanocetus johnsonii Gunther, 1864. Australian Museum.

The page saysThe female wears a lure on her snout and can swallow a fish longer than herself.
The source saysThere is a short illicium with a bulbous esca on the snout.Note: lure = illicium and esca; the swallowing half is claimed to FishBase below
The page saysThe female humpback anglerfish is a soft-bodied fish with no scales and no pelvic fins.
The source saysThe Humpback Blackdevil is a soft-bodied fish that lacks scales and pelvic fins. Females have a large head and mouth, with long pointed teeth.
The page saysLive fish are black
The source saysLive fish are black.
The page saysShe has a large head, a big mouth and long pointed teeth.
The source saysFemales have a large head and mouth, with long pointed teeth.
The page saysOn her snout sits a short rod called an illicium, tipped with a bulb called an esca.
The source saysThere is a short illicium with a bulbous esca on the snout.
The page saysFemales grow to 18 cm.
The source saysFemales grow to 18 cm in length but males only grow to 2.9 cm.
The page saysMales are slender, have no lure and only reach 2.9 cm.
The source saysMales, however, are slender fish that lack a lure and only grow to 2.9 cm.
The page saysIn Australia it is known off central to southern New South Wales and near Norfolk Island.
The source saysIn Australia it is known from off central to southern New South Wales and near Norfolk Island.
The page says2.9 cm at most, against her 18 cm
The source saysFemales grow to 18 cm in length but males only grow to 2.9 cm.
The page saysA male lacks a lure
The source saysMales, however, are slender fish that lack a lure and only grow to 2.9 cm.
The page saysMales and females look very different.
The source saysMale and female Humpback Blackdevils look very different.
The page saysOnly the female carries the illicium and esca.
The source saysMales, however, are slender fish that lack a lureNote: female lure: 'There is a short illicium with a bulbous esca on the snout' in the females' description
The page saysThe female humpback anglerfish carries a lure on her snout
The source saysThere is a short illicium with a bulbous esca on the snout.Note: vibe.reason

Source
02

FishBase

Melanocetus johnsonii, Humpback anglerfish. FishBase.

The page saysThe female wears a lure on her snout and can swallow a fish longer than herself.
The source saysCapable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself, as witness the approximately 24.0 cm SL specimen of Chauliodus sp. in the stomach of a 6.6 cm SL individual
The page saysTropical to temperate oceans worldwide, usually at depths of 100 to 1,500 m
The source saysdepth range 100 - 4500 m (Ref. 74511 ), usually 100 - 1500 mNote: 1,500 m is FishBase's 1500 m
The page saysTropical to temperate oceans worldwide, usually at depths of 100 to 1,500 m
The source saysTropical to temperate parts of all oceans.Note: 1,500 m is FishBase's 1500 m
The page saysIncludes fish longer than itself
The source saysCapable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself, as witness the approximately 24.0 cm SL specimen of Chauliodus sp. in the stomach of a 6.6 cm SL individual
The page saysSwallows prey longer than itself
The source saysCapable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself
The page saysthe genus name Melanocetus comes from Greek words for "black" and "large sea creature"
The source saysMelanocetus: Greek, 'melas' or 'melanos' = black + Greek, 'ketos' = any large sea creature
The page saysThey are also dwarfed and non-parasitic, meaning they do not live off the female.
The source saysMales dwarfed and non-parasiticNote: 'so they do not live off the female' only defines non-parasitic
The page saysHer eggs are presumably held in floating gelatinous rafts.
The source saysEggs are presumably contained in floating gelatinous rafts
The page saysThe larvae are planktonic
The source saysOviparous, with planktonic larvae
The page saysthey are found mostly in the top 100 m of water
The source saysLarvae are found primarily in upper 100 m
The page saysThe species is capable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself.
The source saysCapable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself
The page saysFishBase gives one case: a 6.6 cm individual with a Chauliodus of about 24 cm in its stomach, more than three times its length.
The source saysthe approximately 24.0 cm SL specimen of Chauliodus sp. in the stomach of a 6.6 cm SL individualNote: more than three times: 24.0 / 6.6 = 3.6, both standard lengths
The page saysThe species lives in tropical to temperate parts of all oceans.
The source saysTropical to temperate parts of all oceans.
The page saysIt is usually found between 100 and 1,500 m, with a recorded range of 100 to 4,500 m.
The source saysdepth range 100 - 4500 m (Ref. 74511 ), usually 100 - 1500 m
The page saysYes. One humpback anglerfish of just 6.6 cm was found with a Chauliodus of roughly 24 cm in its stomach, a meal more than three times its own length.
The source saysCapable of catching and swallowing prey larger than itself, as witness the approximately 24.0 cm SL specimen of Chauliodus sp. in the stomach of a 6.6 cm SL individualNote: more than three times: 24.0 / 6.6 = 3.6, both standard lengths
The page sayshas been recorded as deep as 4,500 m
The source saysdepth range 100 - 4500 m (Ref. 74511 ), usually 100 - 1500 mNote: vibe.reason

Source
03

Orlov et al. 2015

Orlov et al. (2015). First record of humpback anglerfish (Melanocetus johnsonii) (Melanocetidae) in Antarctic waters. Polar Research.

The page saysThe toothfish was caught on a bottom longline at 1,243 to 1,355 m.
The source sayscaught on 6 January 2014 by bottom longline (set no. 25) from the fishing vessel Ugulan at 1243 ... 1355 m depth
The page saysScientists confirmed the anglerfish's identity from the structure of its esca and from a gene called COI.
The source saysSpecies identification is confirmed by the structure of the escal bulb and analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene.
The page saysThe anglerfish measured 157 mm and weighed 290 g.
The source saysa total length (TL) of 157 mm (SL 133 mm) and body weight of 290 g
The page saysIn January 2014 a fishing vessel in the Ross Sea caught an Antarctic toothfish with one inside its stomach.
The source sayswas found in the stomach of an Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) with a TL of 138 cm and a body weight of 28 kg, caught on 6 January 2014 by bottom longline
The page saysResearchers called it the first record of the species in Antarctic waters.
The source saysThe first record of the humpback anglerfish ( Melanocetus johnsonii ) in Antarctic waters (Ross Sea) is documented.
The page saysIt pushed the known range south by more than 1,000 nautical miles.
The source saysThis record extends the known range of M. johnsonii by more than 1000 nm to the south.
The page saysIn 2014 one turned up in the stomach
The source sayswas found in the stomach of an Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) with a TL of 138 cm and a body weight of 28 kg, caught on 6 January 2014
The page saysa 138 cm Antarctic toothfish in the Ross Sea
The source saysan Antarctic toothfish ( Dissostichus mawsoni ) with a TL of 138 cm
The page saysthe first record in Antarctic waters
The source saysThe first record of the humpback anglerfish ( Melanocetus johnsonii ) in Antarctic waters (Ross Sea) is documented.

Source
04

Pietsch 2009

Pietsch (2009). Oceanic Anglerfishes: Extraordinary Diversity in the Deep Sea, Introduction and Historical Perspective. University of California Press.

The page saysShe belongs to the ceratioids, a group of deep-sea anglerfishes.
The source saystwo female ceratioid anglerfishes (Linophryne and Melanocetus)
The page saysCeratioids have a bacterial light organ that serves as bait to attract prey.
The source saysCeratioid anglerfishes differ further from their less-derived bottom-dwelling relatives in having a bacterial light-organ that serves as bait to attract prey
The page saysAlbert Günther described the species in 1864
The source saysbrought to London from Madeira by James Yates Johnson (c. 1820–1900) and described by Günther in 1864
The page saysa 64 mm female that James Yates Johnson brought from Madeira
The source saysGünther’s holotype of Melanocetus johnsonii , female, 64 mm SL, BMNH 1864.7.18.6, brought to London from Madeira by James Yates Johnson
The page saysIts big belly held a fish, rolled into a ball, nearly twice the length of the anglerfish.
The source saysremarkable for its large pendulous belly—which when opened was found to contain, “rolled up spirally into a ball, a Scopeline fish” nearly twice the length of the angler
The page saysGünther named it for Johnson.
The source saysnamed Melanocetus johnsonii in honor of its collector
The page saysIts big belly held a fish, rolled into a ball, nearly twice the length
The source says“rolled up spirally into a ball, a Scopeline fish” nearly twice the length of the angler
The page sayscan swallow a fish longer than herself
The source says“rolled up spirally into a ball, a Scopeline fish” nearly twice the length of the angler
The page saysIncludes fish longer than itself
The source says“rolled up spirally into a ball, a Scopeline fish” nearly twice the length of the angler
The page saysSwallows prey longer than itself
The source says“rolled up spirally into a ball, a Scopeline fish” nearly twice the length of the angler

Source
05

Hendry et al. 2018

Hendry et al. (2018). Ongoing Transposon-Mediated Genome Reduction in the Luminous Bacterial Symbionts of Deep-Sea Ceratioid Anglerfishes.

The page saystags: bioluminescent
The source sayswe generated and analyzed de novo genome sequences for the light organ symbionts from two distantly related ceratioid host species, two individuals of Cryptopsaras couesii (Ceratiidae) and one individual Melanocetus johnsonii (Melanocetidae)Note: tags, task #986: species-level source for the luminous light organ (the paper's title names the symbionts luminous); replaces the ceratioid-scope Pietsch quote as the tag's support

Source
06

Arnold 2015

Arnold (2015). Melanocetus johnsonii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T18127840A21911455.

The page saysLeast Concern
The source saysIUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).Note: GBIF's copy of the Red List, checked against IUCN taxon 18127840 inside the DOI
The page saysThe IUCN Red List rates the species Least Concern.
The source saysIUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).Note: GBIF's copy of the Red List, checked against IUCN taxon 18127840 inside the DOI

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.