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What the sources say

DholeCuon alpinus

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Dhole profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 45 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

Profile updated

Source
01

Kamler et al. 2015

Kamler et al. (2015). Cuon alpinus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T5953A72477893.

The page saysEndangered
The source saysEndangered (EN)
The page saysThe dhole is Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
The source saysEndangered (EN)Note: Category read through GBIF's IUCN Red List checklist, taxon 5953.

Source
02

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Dhole. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance.

The page saysA whistling, clucking wild dog that hunts in packs and can catch prey more than ten times its own weight.
The source saysit can whistle, scream, mew, and even cluck like a chicken ... When hunting as a pack, dholes can catch prey over 10 times their own body weight
The page saysDense forests, scrub, steppes and alpine regions of eastern and southern Asia, from Siberia to the Malay Peninsula
The source saysFound in eastern and southern Asia, from Siberia in the north to the Malay Peninsula in the south, dholes occupy a wide variety of climates and habitats, including dense forests, scrub, steppes, and alpine regions.
The page saysHoofed mammals (in India deer, wild pigs, buffalo and wild goats), plus berries, bugs, lizards and rabbits
The source saysDholes prey on hoofed mammals—in India, they eat deer, wild pigs, buffalo, and wild goats. ... Dholes also eat berries, bugs, lizards, and rabbits
The page saysHunting as a pack, it can catch prey over 10 times its own body weight
The source saysWhen hunting as a pack, dholes can catch prey over 10 times their own body weight
The page saysIts jaw is relatively short, and its lower jaw holds two molars on each side instead of three.
The source saysDholes have only two molars on each side of their lower jaw, instead of three, and have a relatively shorter jaw than their doggie counterparts.
The page saysFemales also have more teats than other canids and can have up to 12 pups in a litter.
The source saysfemale dholes have more teats than other canid species and can produce up to 12 pups per litter.
The page saysOther pack members bring food to the nursing mother and her pups by bringing it back up from their stomachs after a hunt.
The source saysOther pack members bring food to the nursing mother and pups by regurgitating it from their stomach after a hunt.
The page saysThe dhole (say "dole") is a wild dog with a very odd voice.
The source saysThe dhole (pronounced "dole")Note: Pronunciation only; the odd voice rests on the claims that follow.
The page saysIt can whistle, scream, mew and even cluck like a chicken.
The source saysit can whistle, scream, mew, and even cluck like a chicken
The page saysIts clucks and high-pitched screams are not found anywhere else in the canid families.
The source saysclucks and high-pitched screams that are not found anywhere else in the canid families
The page saysIts whistle is so distinct that it can be used to identify individual animals.
The source saysThe whistling sound the dhole is known for is so distinct, it can be used to identify individual animals.
The page saysDholes use these sounds when they hunt together.
The source saysThe dholes use these sounds when hunting together.
The page saysEach pack has 5 to 12 members
The source saysEach pack has 5 to 12 members
The page sayspacks sometimes join into super packs of up to 30 or more to hunt and share their prey
The source saysSometimes dhole packs get together to form super packs of up to 30 or more animals. They hunt together, share their prey, and then separate again
The page saysAs a pack, dholes can catch prey over 10 times their own body weight and can even fend off a tiger.
The source saysWhen hunting as a pack, dholes can catch prey over 10 times their own body weight and can even fend off a tiger.
The page saysThey have also been seen chasing prey into water to slow it down.
The source saysThey have even been seen chasing their prey into water to help slow it down.
The page saysThey then swallow the meat in large chunks and carry it back to the rest of the pack that way.
The source saysThey then swallow the meat in large chunks and actually carry it back to pack members that way!
The page saysThe dhole is about the size of a German shepherd but looks more like a long-legged fox.
The source saysIt is about the size of a German shepherd but looks more like a long-legged fox.
The page saysIt is about 3 feet (almost 1 metre) long, with a 15 to 18 inch (40 to 45 cm) tail, and it stands 20 inches (50 cm) at the shoulder.
The source saysLength: About 3 feet (almost 1 meter) Height: 20 inches (50 centimeters) at shoulder Weight: Females, 22 to 29 pounds ( 10 to 13 kilograms): males, 33 to 44 pounds (15 to 20 kilograms) Tail length: 15 to 18 inches (40 to 45 centimeters)
The page saysFemales weigh 10 to 13 kg and males 15 to 20 kg.
The source saysFemales, 22 to 29 pounds ( 10 to 13 kilograms): males, 33 to 44 pounds (15 to 20 kilograms)
The page saysIt has only two molars on each side of its lower jaw instead of three.
The source saysDholes have only two molars on each side of their lower jaw, instead of three
The page saysIn the wild a dhole lives about 10 years
The source saysAbout 10 years in the wild; up to 16 years in zoos
The page saysin zoos up to 16
The source saysAbout 10 years in the wild; up to 16 years in zoos
The page saysA dhole can jump over 7 feet (2.1 meters) straight up into the air.
The source saysA dhole can jump over 7 feet (2.1 meters) straight up into the air.
The page saysStanding jump
The source saysA dhole can jump over 7 feet (2.1 meters) straight up into the air.
The page saysSan Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance gives the range as eastern and southern Asia, from Siberia in the north to the Malay Peninsula in the south.
The source saysFound in eastern and southern Asia, from Siberia in the north to the Malay Peninsula in the south
The page saysThere dholes live in dense forests, scrub, steppes and alpine regions.
The source saysincluding dense forests, scrub, steppes, and alpine regions
The page saysIn some protected areas it shares its habitat with tigers and leopards.
The source saysIn some protected areas, they share habitat with tigers and leopards.
The page saysDholes prey on hoofed mammals. In India they eat deer, wild pigs, buffalo and wild goats.
The source saysDholes prey on hoofed mammals—in India, they eat deer, wild pigs, buffalo, and wild goats.
The page saysThey also eat berries, bugs, lizards and rabbits.
The source saysDholes also eat berries, bugs, lizards, and rabbits
The page saysAn estimate from 2008 put the number of adults in the wild at under 2,500.
The source saysIt was estimated in 2008 that there were less than 2,500 adult dholes in the wilderness.
The page saysThe main threat is habitat loss: as dholes lose places to live and breed, so do their prey.
The source saysThe primary threat for dholes, though, is habitat loss. As dholes lose places to live and reproduce, so do their prey.
The page saysDholes can also catch diseases such as distemper and rabies from domestic dogs.
The source saysDholes can easily catch diseases like distemper and rabies from domestic dogs
The page saysa dhole's whistle is distinct enough to identify individual animals
The source saysThe whistling sound the dhole is known for is so distinct, it can be used to identify individual animals.
The page saysDholes whistle when they hunt together
The source saysit can whistle, scream, mew, and even cluck like a chicken
The page saysDholes whistle when they hunt together
The source saysThe dholes use these sounds when hunting together.
The page saysweightKg: 15
The source saysWeight: Females, 22 to 29 pounds ( 10 to 13 kilograms): males, 33 to 44 pounds (15 to 20 kilograms)Note: task #1261; ADW's 17 to 21 kg is also Medium

Source
03

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Cuon alpinus (dhole). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysAnimal Diversity Web says dholes do not attack human beings and usually retreat when they see a person.
The source saysDholes do not attack human beings, and they usually retreat at the sight of a person.
The page saysin zoos up to 16
The source saysStatus: captivity 16.0 yearsNote: Second, older source for the captive figure (Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, via ADW). The wild figure rests on SDZ.
The page saysdangerLevel: Low
The source saysDholes do not attack human beings, and they usually retreat at the sight of a person.Note: task #1261

Source
04

Srivathsa et al. 2014

Srivathsa et al. (2014). On a Dhole Trail: Examining Ecological and Anthropogenic Correlates of Dhole Habitat Occupancy in the Western Ghats of India. PLoS ONE.

The page saysA study in India's Western Ghats calls the dhole the only Asian wild canid that primarily inhabits forested areas.
The source saysis the only Asian wild canid that primarily inhabits forested areas
The page saysIn India dholes were considered vermin and bounty-hunted to the verge of extinction before they received legal protection in 1972.
The source saysIn India, dholes were considered vermin and bounty-hunted to the verge of extinction before they received legal protection in 1972
The page saysA 2014 study found they had been extirpated from 60% of their former range in the last century.
The source saysThey have been extirpated from 60% of their former range in the last centuryNote: Dated to the 2014 paper: a range-loss figure is a state at the time of the study.

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.