What the sources say
Channel CatfishIctalurus punctatus
Every figure, record and mechanism on the Channel Catfish profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 35 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.
Profile updated
Source
01
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013
Ictalurus punctatus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T202680A18236665.
- The page saysLeast Concern
- The source says
IUCN Red List category: Least Concern (LC).
Note: stats.conservationStatus; assessed 2012 (FishBase gives 20 February 2012)
Source
02
Florida Museum of Natural History, Discover Fishes
Channel Catfish. Florida Museum of Natural History, Discover Fishes.
- The page saystaste buds all over its body to find food in murky water
- The source says
specialized taste buds all over their bodies, to help them find food in low visibility water
Note: tagline, part 2 - The page saysRivers, reservoirs, streams, backwaters, swamps and oxbow lakes
- The source says
inhabit rivers, reservoirs, streams, backwaters, swamps, and oxbow lakes
Note: stats.habitat - The page saysSmall fish, crayfish, mollusks and insect larvae, plus a little aquatic vegetation
- The source says
Adults feed on small fish, aquatic invertebrates, including crayfish, mollusks, insect larvae, and occasional aquatic vegetation.
Note: stats.diet - The page saysit has eight, with four on the chin, two on the snout and one at each corner of the mouth
- The source says
Four whiskers are on the chin, two on the snout, and one on both corners of the mouth.
- The page saysEight sensory barbels: a set of four under the chin, a pair on the snout and one at each corner of the mouth.
- The source says
They have eight sensory barbels, or
Note: faq 1; the quote is cut at the curly quote mark - The page saysThe taste buds help it find food in water where it can barely see
- The source says
specialized taste buds all over their bodies, to help them find food in low visibility water
- The page saysadults usually forage on the bottom, finding meals by touch and smell
- The source says
Adult channel catfish usually feed on the bottom, detecting food by touch and smell.
- The page saysIts eyes are large for a catfish, and it can hunt by sight to a degree.
- The source says
The eyes of the channel catfish are proportionately larger than those of other species of catfish and are adapted to sight feeding to a degree.
- The page saysAn adult channel catfish is usually 15 to 24 inches (0.4 to 0.6 m) long.
- The source says
Adults are generally found between 15 and 24 inches (0.4-0.6 m) in length
- The page saysGrown fish generally measure 15 to 24 inches (0.4 to 0.6 m).
- The source says
Adults are generally found between 15 and 24 inches (0.4-0.6 m) in length
Note: faq 2 - The page saysThe longest reported reached 52 inches (1.32 m) in total length.
- The source says
with the maximum reported total length of 52 inches (1.32 m)
Note: body - The page saysThe Florida Museum gives 22 years as the likely maximum age, though it is rare to find one older than 15.
- The source says
The maximum age is believed to be 22 years, however it is rare to find individuals over 15 years of age.
Note: FishBase says 24 (max reported age); the two disagree, so only the Florida Museum figure is given; sources disagree (Smithsonian NZP ~15, FishBase 24 max reported, ADW 2004 wild 14 average), so the figure is attributed to the Florida Museum alone - The page saysProbably no more than 22 years, says the Florida Museum, and few are found past 15.
- The source says
The maximum age is believed to be 22 years, however it is rare to find individuals over 15 years of age.
Note: faq 4; sources disagree (Smithsonian NZP ~15, FishBase 24 max reported, ADW 2004 wild 14 average), so the figure is attributed to the Florida Museum alone - The page saysIt prefers warm water averaging 70°F (21.1°C) and turns up in rivers, reservoirs, swamps and even the upper parts of estuaries, in brackish water as salty as 19 to 21 parts per thousand.
- The source says
Channel catfish prefer warm water averaging 70°F (21.1°C) and inhabit rivers, reservoirs, streams, backwaters, swamps, and oxbow lakes. The catfish can even be found in the upper sections of estuaries having salinity as high as 19.0 to 21.0 ppt
Note: 'slightly salty' reads the 19-21 ppt figure; salinity is stated, wording is mine - The page saysIt spawns between May and July, when the water warms to about 75°F (23.9°C).
- The source says
Spawning occurs from May to July when the water temperature reaches about 75°F (23.9°C).
- The page saysTo clean the nest site before spawning, the male fans it with his fins and body.
- The source says
Prior to spawning, the male cleans the nest site by vigorously fanning with his fins and body.
- The page saysDepending on her size, a female may lay anywhere from 2,000 to 70,000 eggs in a year.
- The source says
Females may lay from 2,000 to 70,000 eggs per year depending upon size.
- The page saysOnce the eggs are out, the male guards the nest and keeps the females away, because they will eat their own eggs.
- The source says
After the female has released the eggs, the males take control of the nest and do not permit the females to visit the eggs, as they will eat their own eggs.
- The page saysFrom sundown to about midnight is its active feeding time, in water anywhere from 50 to 94°F (10 to 34.4°C).
- The source says
They actively feed from sundown until about midnight when the water temperatures are between 50° and 94°F (10° and 34.4°C).
Note: faq 3 - The page saysIn winter it seldom eats.
- The source says
In the winter they rarely feed.
Note: faq 3 - The page saysThe longest the Florida Museum reports reached 52 inches (1.32 m).
- The source says
with the maximum reported total length of 52 inches (1.32 m)
Note: faq 2
Source
03
Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute
Channel catfish. Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute.
- The page saysAn average mature fish weighs two to four pounds (0.9 to 1.8 kg)
- The source says
Average mature channel catfishes weigh between two to four pounds
Note: kg conversion, see next claim - The page saysThe world record weight, for a fish caught in South Carolina in 1964, is 58 pounds (26.3 kg).
- The source says
The world record weight for a channel catfish was a 58-pound (26.3 kilograms) fish caught in South Carolina in 1964.
Note: a catch record (NZP: world record weight for a fish caught in 1964), not a biological maximum
Source
04
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Freshwater Fish of America
Channel Catfish. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Freshwater Fish of America.
- The page saysA catfish called a swimming tongue, with taste buds all over its body to find food in murky water.
- The source says
The channel catfish has been called a swimming tongue.
Note: tagline, part 1 - The page saysTaste buds spread over its whole body, most of them around its gills and whiskers
- The source says
They have taste buds spread over their entire body with most around their gills and whiskers.
Note: stats.superpower - The page saysSome people call the channel catfish a swimming tongue
- The source says
The channel catfish has been called a swimming tongue.
- The page saysIts taste buds cover its whole body, and most of them are around the gills and whiskers.
- The source says
They have taste buds spread over their entire body with most around their gills and whiskers.
Source
05
Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan
Ictalurus punctatus (catfish). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.
- The page saysA channel catfish makes sound by moving the spine of its pectoral fin in the pectoral girdle.
- The source says
The pectoral spine moves in the pectoral girdle to create sound.
- The page saysA structure called the Weberian apparatus links its swimbladder to its ear, amplifying vibrations that come from the bladder.
- The source says
With the help of the Weberian apparatus, which connects the swimbladder to the ear, they are able to amplify vibrations coming from the swimbladder.
- The page says(0.9 to 1.8 kg)
- The source says
0.9-1.8 kg
Note: average mass in kg
Source
06
USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database
Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818). USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species database.
- The page saysIts native range covers the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence, the Red River part of the Hudson Bay drainage, and the Missouri and Mississippi basins, reaching from southern Quebec to southern Manitoba and Montana, and south to the Gulf.
- The source says
St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River drainage), and Missouri-Mississippi River basins from southern Quebec to southern Manitoba and Montana south to the Gulf
- The page saysPeople have also stocked it for sport fishing and food
- The source says
Intentionally stocked for sport fishing and food.
- The page saysin the Colorado River the earliest releases date to 1892-1893 or 1906
- The source says
The first introductions in the Colorado River took place in 1892-1893 or in 1906
Source
07
FishBase
Ictalurus punctatus, Channel catfish. FishBase.
- The page saysThe menu is mainly small fish, crayfish, clams and snails, plus aquatic insects.
- The source says
Food consists primarily of small fish, crustaceans (e.g. crayfish), clams and snails; also on aquatic insects and small mammals
How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.