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What the sources say

Brown Marmorated Stink BugHalyomorpha halys

Every figure, record and mechanism on the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug profile was written from a source, and this is the working table behind it: 45 claims checked word for word against these sources. The left column is what the page says. The right column is the source's own words, copied, not paraphrased; a ... marks a cut and[brackets] an insertion. Open any source and check it yourself.

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Source
01

Penn State Extension

Brown marmorated stink bug. Penn State Extension.

The page saysThe shield-shaped bug whose name points to its scent glands
The source saysThey are "shield" shaped like other stink bugs ... The name "stink bug" refers to the scent glands located on the dorsal surface of the abdomen and the underside of the thorax.Note: tagline
The page saysa fruit-eating invader from east Asia
The source sayswas accidentally introduced from east Asia (China, Japan, Korean) into eastern Pennsylvania ... a variety of fruits (e.g., apples, stone fruits including peaches and apricotsNote: tagline
The page sayswhere it turns up in fruit crops and in houses
The source saysa serious pest of fruit, vegetable, and other crops. It also becomes a nuisance pest of homes as it is attracted to the outside of houses on warm fall daysNote: stats.habitat
The page saysPlant fluids from many host plants, including apples, peaches, beans, corn, tomatoes and soybeans
The source saysfeeds on a wide variety of host plants, including a variety of fruits (e.g., apples, stone fruits including peaches and apricots, figs, mulberries, citrus fruits, and persimmons), crops (e.g., beans, corn, tomatoes and soybeans)Note: stats.diet; plant fluids per ADW below
The page saysThe "stink bug" in its name refers to its scent glands.
The source saysThe name "stink bug" refers to the scent glands
The page saysThey sit on top of the abdomen, the rear body section, and under the thorax, the middle section.
The source saysscent glands located on the dorsal surface of the abdomen and the underside of the thoraxNote: dorsal = top; the glosses 'rear' and 'middle' are definitions of abdomen and thorax, not claims about this species.
The page saysThe defensive chemicals they make can act as an airborne allergen.
The source saysthe defensive chemicals can be an aeroallergenNote: rhinitis = nose, conjunctivitis = eyes
The page saysSensitive people can get allergic reactions in the nose and eyes.
The source sayscan produce allergic reactions (rhinitis and/or conjunctivitis) in individuals who are sensitive to the bugs' odorNote: rhinitis = nose, conjunctivitis = eyes
The page saysIf the bug is crushed against bare skin, it can cause a skin rash where it touched.
The source saysif the insects are crushed or smashed against exposed skin, they can produce dermatitis at the point of contact
The page saysThat seems to affect only a small percentage of people.
The source saysit appears to affect only a small percentage of the population
The page saysAn adult is about 17 millimetres long.
The source saysAdults are approximately 17 mm (0.66 in) long
The page saysIt is brown and shield-shaped, almost as wide as it is long.
The source saysare shades of brown on both the upper and lower body surfaces ... They are "shield" shaped like other stink bugs, almost as wide as they are long
The page saysIn Pennsylvania, adults begin to search for overwintering sites from September through October.
The source saysAdults begin to search for overwintering sites starting in September through October.Note: Pennsylvania scope: the life-history paragraph opens 'This species probably has a single generation per year in Pennsylvania'.
The page saysPenn State Extension says that on warm fall days they are drawn to the outside of houses in search of sheltered spots for winter, and can enter in large numbers.
The source saysit is attracted to the outside of houses on warm fall days in search of protected, overwintering sites and can enter houses in large numbers
The page saysIt feeds on a wide range of plants, including apples, peaches, beans, corn, tomatoes and soybeans.
The source saysfeeds on a wide variety of host plants, including a variety of fruits (e.g., apples, stone fruits including peaches and apricots, figs, mulberries, citrus fruits, and persimmons), crops (e.g., beans, corn, tomatoes and soybeans)
The page saysOn apples, its feeding leaves a distortion called "cat facing", which makes the fruit unmarketable as a fresh product.
The source saysFeeding on tree fruits such as apples results in a characteristic distortion referred to as "cat facing," which renders the fruit unmarketable as a fresh product
The page saysIt was accidentally introduced into eastern Pennsylvania and first collected in Allentown in 1998, although it probably arrived several years earlier.
The source sayswas accidentally introduced from east Asia (China, Japan, Korean) into eastern Pennsylvania and was first collected in Allentown in 1998, although it probably arrived several years earlier
The page saysA Penn State Extension fact sheet revised in December 2017
The source saysRevised by Michael Skvarla, Insect Identification Laboratory Director & Extension Educator, December 2017.
The page sayssaid it had spread throughout most of eastern and western North America.
The source saysIt has since spread throughout most of eastern and western of North AmericaNote: source wording 'eastern and western of North America' (sic).
The page saysNo. Penn State Extension says the bugs do not reproduce inside buildings or cause damage there.
The source saysThe stink bug will not reproduce inside structures or cause damage.
The page saysTheir smell is the problem: if many are crushed or sucked into a vacuum cleaner, it can be quite apparent.
The source saysIf many of them are crushed or sucked into a vacuum cleaner, their smell can be quite apparent.
The page saysThe extension calls keeping them out mechanically the best method: cracks around windows, doors and siding should be sealed with caulk.
The source saysMechanical exclusion is the best method to keep stink bugs from entering homes and buildings. Cracks around windows, doors, siding, utility pipes, behind chimneys, and underneath the wood fascia and other openings should be sealed with good quality silicone or silicone-latex caulk.
The page saysEggs are attached to the underside of leaves in masses of 20 to 30.
The source saysThey are attached, side-by-side, to the underside of leaves in masses of 20 to 30 eggs.
The page saysThe nymphs that hatch go through five stages called instars, growing from 2.4 millimetres in the first to 12 millimetres in the fifth.
The source saysThere are five nymphal instars (immature stages). They range in size from the first instar at 2.4 mm to the fifth instar that is 12 mm in length.
The page saysAdults emerge in spring, from late April to mid-May, in Pennsylvania.
The source saysAdults emerge in the spring (late April to mid-May)Note: Pennsylvania scope: the same section is headed 'in Pennsylvania' ('single generation per year in Pennsylvania').

Source
02

Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan

Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug). Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan.

The page saysNot Evaluated
The source saysIUCN Red List No special statusNote: ADW lists no special IUCN status; the prefetch found no Red List assessment DOI and GBIF holds no category for this name.
The page saysPlant fluids from many host plants
The source sayscapable of drinking fluids possessed in plants and their fruitsNote: stats.diet
The page saysAnimal Diversity Web lists a wild lifespan of 8 to 10 months.
The source saysRange lifespan Status: wild 8 to 10 monthsNote: ADW only; two searches (audit:sources --search, longevity and body mass) found no current source.
The page saysIts mouthparts are straw-like and made for sucking.
The source saysmouthparts specialized for sucking that are straw-like in appearance

Source
03

Leskey & Nielsen 2018

Leskey & Nielsen (2018). Impact of the Invasive Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in North America and Europe: History, Biology, Ecology, and Management. Annual Review of Entomology.

The page saysthat has reached North America and Europe
The source saysan invasive pentatomid introduced from Asia into the United States, Canada, multiple European countries, and ChileNote: tagline
The page saysintroduced to North America and Europe
The source saysintroduced from Asia into the United States, Canada, multiple European countries, and ChileNote: stats.habitat; 2018 review
The page saysIn 2010, bug numbers in the mid-Atlantic United States reached outbreak levels, and feeding severely damaged tree fruit.
The source saysIn 2010, BMSB populations in the mid-Atlantic United States reached outbreak levels and subsequent feeding severely damaged tree fruit as well as other crops.
The page saysA 2018 review listed introductions into the United States, Canada, multiple European countries and Chile.
The source saysintroduced from Asia into the United States, Canada, multiple European countries, and ChileNote: 2018 is the reference's year field.

Source
04

Lee & Leskey 2015

Lee & Leskey (2015). Flight behavior of foraging and overwintering brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research.

The page saysIn 22-hour tests on a flight mill, a lab device that measures flight, the average male flew 2,442 metres and the average female 2,083 metres.
The source saysFlight mills were used to measure the baseline flight capacity of adults ... The mean flight distances over a 22-h period were 2442 and 2083 m for male and female, respectively.Note: 'lab device' from 'under laboratory ... conditions' in the same abstract.
The page saysMost bugs (89%) flew under 5 kilometres in the test, though some flew much further, with a maximum of 117 kilometres.
The source saysMost individuals (89%) flew <5 km, though some flew much further with a maximum flight distance observed of 117 km.Note: Full text: 117 km was a foraging male on the same 22-h flight mill test ('For the foraging population, the maximum flight distances observed were 117 and 26 km').
The page saysIn a still-air test, 83% of the bugs took off, but under 10% did once the wind reached 0.75 metres per second.
The source sayswhen provided with still air conditions, 83% of individuals took off, but the rates decreased to <10% when wind speed was increased to or above 0.75 m s-1
The page saysTemperature mattered too: 3% took off at 10 to 15 degrees C, against 87% at 25 to 30 degrees C.
The source saysWhen the temperature was at 10-15°C, 3% of individuals took off, but the proportion of H. halys taking flight increased to 61, 84, and 87% at 15-20, 20-25, and 25-30°C, respectively.

Source
05

Khrimian et al. 2014

Khrimian et al. (2014). Discovery of the Aggregation Pheromone of the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ( Halyomorpha halys ) through the Creation of Stereoisomeric Libraries of 1-Bisabolen-3-ols. Journal of Natural Products.

The page saysA male-produced aggregation pheromone that attracted females, males and nymphs in field trials
The source saysa male-produced aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys ... Both compounds attracted female, male, and nymphal H. halys in field trials.Note: stats.superpower
The page saysMales make an aggregation pheromone, a chemical signal that gathers bugs in one place.
The source saysa male-produced aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bugNote: 'gathers bugs' glosses 'aggregation'; the quote that it attracts is in the next claim.
The page saysIn field trials, its two main ingredients attracted females, males and nymphs, the young bugs.
The source saysTwo of the epoxides ... were identified as the main components of a male-produced aggregation pheromone ... Both compounds attracted female, male, and nymphal H. halys in field trials.
The page saysMixtures that held related chemicals alongside those two attracted them too, and the researchers say relatively inexpensive mixtures can be used in monitoring and control.
The source saysmixtures of stereoisomers containing epoxides 3 and 4 were also attractive to H. halys, signifying that the presence of additional stereoisomers did not hinder attraction of H. halys and relatively inexpensive mixtures can be used in monitoring, as well as control strategies
The page saysmales make an aggregation pheromone that attracted females, males and nymphs in field trials
The source saysa male-produced aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys ... Both compounds attracted female, male, and nymphal H. halys in field trials.Note: vibe.reason, animal half

Source
06

Zhu et al. 2012

Zhu et al. (2012). Potential Geographic Distribution of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Invasion (Halyomorpha halys). PLoS ONE.

The page saysEurope's first report came in 2008, near Zurich, Switzerland.
The source saysIn 2008, the species was first reported in Europe near Zürich, Switzerland

Source
07

Lee et al. 2013

Lee et al. (2013). Review of the Biology, Ecology, and Management of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea. Environmental Entomology.

The page saysNative to China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan
The source saysNative to China, Japan, Korea, and TaiwanNote: stats.habitat
The page saysIts native range is China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan.
The source saysNative to China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan

How the table was made: a writer drafted the profile from these sources and logged each claim with its quote, a reviewer with nothing but this table checked every sentence said no more than its quote, and a script confirmed each quote appears word for word in the source. The method is in the site'sAbout page.